All Breeds
Working Group

Saint Bernard

Also known as: St. Bernard, Alpine Mastiff

Large
8-10 years
Switzerland
AKC: 1885

Energy Level

2/10

Apartment Friendly

1/10

Weight (Male)

140-180 lbs

Height (Male)

28-30 inches

Saint Bernard - dog breed photo

Quick Facts

OriginSwitzerland
GroupWorking
SizeLarge
Weight (Male)140-180 lbs
Weight (Female)120-140 lbs
Height (Male)28-30 inches
Height (Female)26-28 inches
Life Expectancy8-10 years
Coat TypeShort or Long, dense
AKC Recognized1885
First-Time Owners❌ Not recommended

Coat Colors

White with Red
White with Brindle
Red with White

Breed Summary

The Saint Bernard is a gentle, massive Swiss rescue dog famous for saving travelers in the Alps. With their kind eyes and patient temperament, they are beloved gentle giants and devoted family companions.

History

Bred by monks at the Great St. Bernard Hospice in the Swiss Alps since the 1600s. They rescued lost and injured travelers for centuries. Barry, the most famous rescue dog, saved over 40 lives. AKC recognized in 1885.

Appearance

One of the largest breeds—massive, powerful build with a broad head and kind expression. Comes in short-haired and long-haired varieties. Distinctive red and white markings.

Temperament

affection
5/10
intelligence
3/10
loyalty
5/10
trainability
3/10
independence
2/10
confidence
3/10
friendliness
5/10
protective Instincts
3/10
playfulness
3/10
sensitivity
4/10

Gentle, friendly, and patient, the Saint Bernard is a true gentle giant. They are calm, devoted, and wonderful with children. Despite their size, they are sensitive and responsive to their family's needs.

Personality Around Others

Friendly with everyone. Exceptionally patient with children. Good with other dogs and pets. Not aggressive but their size is naturally protective.

Exercise Needs

Low to moderate exercise—daily walks. Not high-energy. Avoid exercising in heat. They overheat very easily. Short walks are better than long ones.

Training

Moderately trainable. They aim to please but can be stubborn. Early training while still manageable is essential. Positive reinforcement with patience.

Grooming

Moderate to heavy grooming depending on coat type. Heavy shedding. Regular brushing. They drool extensively. Facial wrinkle cleaning.

Health

Common Health Conditions

Hip Dysplasia
Elbow Dysplasia
Bloat/GDV
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Osteosarcoma

Prone to joint issues, heart disease, and cancer. Shorter lifespan typical of giant breeds. Regular health monitoring is essential.

Recommended Health Tests

  • Hip Evaluation
  • Elbow Evaluation
  • Cardiac Exam
  • Ophthalmologist Evaluation

Average Annual Vet Cost

$1,500-$2,500

Nutrition

Quality giant-breed food in smaller, frequent meals. Bloat prevention is critical. Careful puppy nutrition for slow, steady growth.

Living Environment

Need a house with space. Not apartment dogs. Best in cooler climates. They suffer greatly in heat.

Ideal Family

Families wanting a gentle, patient giant. Those comfortable with drool and shedding. Not ideal for very hot climates or small living spaces.

Intelligence

Moderately intelligent. They understand expectations and aim to please. Not the quickest learners but willing and gentle.

Barking

Frequency

2/10

Alert

2/10

Separation

2/10

Quiet Indoors

4/10

Generally quiet. Their size alone deters threats. Occasional deep bark to alert.

Shedding

Year-Round

4/10

Seasonal

5/10

Vacuum Factor 🧹

5/10

Hypoallergenic

❌ No

Heavy shedders, especially seasonal. Regular brushing is essential. Both coat types shed significantly.

Weather Tolerance

☀️

Heat

1/10

❄️

Cold

5/10

🌧️

Rain

3/10

🌨️

Snow

5/10

💧

Humidity

1/10

Breed Ratings

intelligence
3/10
affection
5/10
energy
2/10
shedding
5/10
trainability
3/10
protective
3/10
good With Kids
5/10
good With Dogs
4/10
apartment Friendly
1/10
grooming Needs
4/10

Fun Facts

1.

Barry, the most famous Saint Bernard, saved over 40 lives in the Swiss Alps

2.

The iconic brandy barrel image is actually a myth—they never carried brandy

3.

They can sense avalanches before they happen

4.

A Saint Bernard named Benedictine holds the record as the heaviest dog at 357 pounds

Famous Dogs

Barry

The legendary rescue Saint Bernard who saved over 40 lives at the Great St. Bernard Pass

Beethoven

The famous movie Saint Bernard from the 1992 film and its sequels

Common Myths

"Saint Bernards carried brandy barrels around their necks"

This is a romantic myth popularized by an 1820 painting—they never carried brandy

"They need cold climates to survive"

While they prefer cool weather, they can adapt to moderate climates with proper care

Frequently Asked Questions

How big do Saint Bernards get?

Males typically weigh 140-180 lbs and stand 28-30 inches. Some exceed 200 lbs.

Do they drool?

Yes, heavily. Saint Bernards are among the drooliest breeds. Keep towels handy.

Adoption Tips

Contact Saint Bernard rescue. Be prepared for significant food costs, drool, and shedding.

Considering adoption?

Dog Camp Boquete rescues and rehabilitates dogs of all breeds in Panama. Every dog deserves a loving home.

Puppy Guide

Giant puppies needing careful nutrition. Grow very fast. Start training early. They are gentle and sweet from birth.

Senior Care

Senior Saints develop joint and heart issues. Supportive bedding. Gentle walks. Keep cool. Regular vet monitoring.

Ownership Costs

Purchase Price$1,500-$3,000
Adoption Fee$200-$500
Monthly Food$80-$120
Annual Vet Care$1,500-$2,500
Insurance$55-$75
Grooming$50-$70

Estimated Lifetime Cost

$18,000-$28,000

Pros and Cons

Pros

Incredibly gentle and patient

Outstanding with children

Iconic, beloved breed

Loyal and devoted

Cons

Heavy drooling and shedding

Short lifespan

Heat-intolerant

Very high food costs

Ready to Adopt?

Every dog deserves a loving home. Visit Dog Camp Boquete to meet our rescued dogs looking for their forever family.