Portuguese Water Dog
Also known as: Portie, PWD, Cão de Água Português
Energy Level
Apartment Friendly
Weight (Male)
42-60 lbs
Height (Male)
20-23 inches

Quick Facts
Coat Colors
Breed Summary
The Portuguese Water Dog is an athletic, intelligent water dog bred to assist Portuguese fishermen. Known for their hypoallergenic coat and spirited personality, they are versatile, trainable companions that love the water.
History
For centuries, PWDs worked on Portuguese fishing boats—herding fish into nets, retrieving tackle, and acting as couriers between boats. Nearly extinct by the 1960s, they were revived. Made famous as the Obama family's White House dogs. AKC recognized in 1983.
Appearance
A sturdy, medium-sized dog with a curly or wavy single-layer coat. Athletic, well-muscled build with webbed feet. Alert, intelligent expression. Often seen in a lion clip or retriever clip.
Temperament
Spirited, intelligent, and affectionate, the Portuguese Water Dog is a high-energy companion that bonds deeply with their family. They are enthusiastic about everything and bring joy to every activity.
Personality Around Others
Very friendly with family and generally welcoming to strangers. Excellent with children. Good with other dogs. Their exuberance can be overwhelming for timid pets.
Exercise Needs
High exercise needs—at least an hour of vigorous daily activity. Love swimming and water activities. Mental stimulation is equally important. Without exercise, they become destructive.
Training
Highly trainable—one of the most biddable breeds. They excel at obedience, agility, water work, and trick training. They love learning and working with their owners.
Grooming
Requires regular grooming—brushing several times weekly and professional grooming every 6-8 weeks. Their coat does not shed but grows continuously, requiring regular trimming.
Health
Common Health Conditions
Generally healthy with DNA tests available for major genetic conditions. Responsible breeders test for PRA and GM1. Regular health screening recommended.
Recommended Health Tests
- Hip Evaluation
- Ophthalmologist Evaluation
- PRA DNA Test
- GM1 DNA Test
- JDCM DNA Test
Average Annual Vet Cost
$800-$1,500
Nutrition
Active dogs needing quality food. Two meals daily. Adjust for activity level. They can be food-motivated which aids training.
Living Environment
Adaptable to various settings including apartments if well-exercised. They thrive with access to water. Can adapt to most climates.
Ideal Family
Active families who enjoy water sports. Those looking for a trainable, hypoallergenic companion. Good for first-time owners willing to commit to exercise and grooming.
Intelligence
Extremely intelligent—ranked among the smartest breeds. They learn quickly, retain training, and enjoy mental challenges. Excel at problem-solving.
Barking
Frequency
Alert
Separation
Quiet Indoors
Moderate vocalization. They may bark when excited or to alert. Not excessive barkers when properly exercised.
Shedding
Year-Round
Seasonal
Vacuum Factor 🧹
Hypoallergenic
Non-shedding breed—their single coat grows continuously. Hypoallergenic choice for allergy sufferers. Regular grooming is required instead.
Weather Tolerance
☀️
Heat
❄️
Cold
🌧️
Rain
🌨️
Snow
💧
Humidity
Breed Ratings
Fun Facts
Bo and Sunny, the Obama family's dogs, were Portuguese Water Dogs
They were bred to work alongside Portuguese fishermen for centuries
Their coat is hypoallergenic and non-shedding
They have webbed feet for swimming
Famous Dogs
Bo
President Obama's Portuguese Water Dog, one of the most famous dogs in White House history
Sunny
The Obama family's second PWD who joined Bo at the White House
Common Myths
"They are completely hypoallergenic"
While they shed minimally and produce less dander, no dog is 100% hypoallergenic
"They don't need grooming"
Their non-shedding coat requires regular professional grooming every 6-8 weeks
Frequently Asked Questions
Are Portuguese Water Dogs hypoallergenic?
They are considered hypoallergenic because they shed very little and have a single coat that produces less dander. However, no dog is 100% hypoallergenic.
Do they need to swim?
While they love water, swimming is not required. Regular exercise and mental stimulation can substitute.
Puppy Guide
Energetic puppies that need early training and socialization. They are quick learners. Provide plenty of exercise and mental stimulation.
Senior Care
Senior PWDs remain active and engaged. Monitor for eye and heart issues. Continue moderate exercise. Regular grooming throughout life.
Similar Breeds
Lagotto Romagnolo
Similar curly-coated water dog but bred for truffle hunting
Irish Water Spaniel
Larger curly-coated water dog with similar working heritage
Poodle
Shares the curly, non-shedding coat with similar intelligence and trainability
Ownership Costs
Estimated Lifetime Cost
$16,000-$24,000
Pros and Cons
Pros
Hypoallergenic coat
Highly intelligent and trainable
Loves water
Excellent family dog
Cons
High grooming needs
Requires significant exercise
Can be mouthy as puppies
Needs mental stimulation
